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Salaam all,9:39
إِلاَّ تَنفِرُواْ يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا وَيَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْمًا غَيْرَكُمْ وَلاَ تَضُرُّوهُ شَيْئًا وَاللّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
Illa tanfiroo yuAAaththibkum AAathaban aleeman wayastabdil qawman ghayrakum wala tadurroohu shayan waAllahu AAala kulli shayin qadeerun
If you (plural) do not march, then He will punish you painful punishment and exchange you with other people and you will not harm him a bit, and Allah, upon everything, capable.
The Aya reminds us that we never Harm Allah by not abiding with what He asks us to do and that He eventually will do what He willed whether with us or by others that He replaces us with. It is a reminder to always be aware to be on Allah’s side of things.
Illa: if not
Tanfiroo: you (plural) march
Note: the root is N-F-R and it means moving away from one entity to get to another or just moving away and so on. This is the conceptual meaning and then the context defines it further. In this context, the term “move away” points to any movement from one place to another or to marching. TANFIROO is an action that is happening or will be happening by the subject. It means: the action of moving or marching is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural). Here it comes after the conditional “if not”
yuAAaththibkum: then He will make you suffer/ he will punish you
Note: YuAAaTHTHIBHUM is derived from the root Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. YuAAaTHTHIB is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: The action of making the object (KUM= plural you) suffer is happening or will be happening by the subject (Third person singular pointing to Allah)
AAathaban: suffering/ punishment
Note: AAaTHAB is derived from the root Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering as a punishment.
Note: the root is Hamza-L-M and it means pain. ALEEMAN means painful.
Wayastabdil: and He replaces/ and He exchanges
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. YASTABDIL is derived from the root B-D-L and it means exchanging and that is to alter or change the nature or attribute of something or exchange something for something else. YASTABDIL is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of replacing the object (not mentioned but is understood as the plural you) by another object (QAWMAN GHAYRAKUM= people other than you) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person singular pointing to Allah)
qawman: a people
Note: QAWMAN is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMAN are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group.
ghayrakum: other than you (plural)
Note: GHAYR is derived from the root GH-Y-R and it means different or other. GHAYR means other than. KUM is plural you.
Wala: and not/ nor
Tadurroohu: Will you (plural) harm Him
Note:. TADURROO is derived from the root Dhad-R-R and it means to harm or opposite of benefit. Concrete word is DAREER and it means blind person or a person that is afflicted with weakness and illness. Conceptually, it covers any kind of significant harm or affliction. TADURROO is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of causing harm to the object (HU=Him pointing to Allah) is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
Note: the root is SH-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAYAN means entity. It is taken here to mean a thing or entity
waAllahu: And Allah/ While Allah
AAala: upon/ on
Kulli: every/ each
Note: KULLI is derived from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete and it means all or every or each. It can also be extended conceptually to mean the parts surrounding an entity. KULLI means every, or each.
Shayin: entity/ thing
Note: the root is SH-Y-Hamza and it means entity. SHAYIN means entity. It is taken here to mean a thing or entity
qadeerun: capable/ limiting
Note: the root is Qaf-D-R and it means in concrete cooking the meat in the pot. Conceptually it takes the meaning of measuring, putting limits on an entity and capability to cover the exact need and task. QADEERUN means: an entity that puts limits, measures and is capable to perform accordingly. This takes the meaning of all capable in this context and this includes imposing limits.
Hussein
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