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Salaam all,9:5
فَإِذَا انسَلَخَ الأَشْهُرُ الْحُرُمُ فَاقْتُلُواْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ وَاحْصُرُوهُمْ وَاقْعُدُواْ لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍ فَإِن تَابُواْ وَأَقَامُواْ الصَّلاَةَ وَآتَوُاْ الزَّكَاةَ فَخَلُّواْ سَبِيلَهُمْ إِنَّ اللّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
Faitha insalakha alashhuru alhurumu faoqtuloo almushrikeena haythu wajadtumoohum wakhuthoohum waohsuroohum waoqAAudoo lahum kulla marsadin fain taboo waaqamoo alssalata waatawoo alzzakata fakhalloo sabeelahum inna Allaha ghafoorun raheemun
The Aya says:
So when the months that are forbidden to violate pass, then fight the polytheists wherever you find them and take them and confine them and sit in watch for them at every watching place. So, if they repent and establish the prayer and give the obligatory charity then clear their path. Indeed Allah is forgiving merciful.
It is important to remember that this is a passage about a particular incident at a particular time and therefore it cannot be taken out of that context of the polytheists breaking the treaty and killing the allies of the Muslim and therefore receive this threat and ruling. It is also important to point out just as the previous Aya mentioned that it does not apply to those polytheists who kept their treaty intact without breaching it.
Despite that it provides them with an out and that is repentance and also the Aya ends with the term that Allah is forgiving and merciful. Historically speaking, this is basically what happened and that they surrendered Mecca without much fighting or spilling of blood.
Faitha: So when/ so if and when
Insalakha: passed/ became gone
Note: INSALAKHA is derived from the root S-L-KH and it means skinning of the animal or removing of the ground to get the groundwater or something to that concept of removal of something that is very connected. INSALAKHA is an action that is completed. It means: the action of becoming removed from something important happened to the object (third person singular or plural) by an undeclared subject (who could be the person himself)
Alashhuru: the months
note: the root is SH-H-R and it means the appearing moon. The concrete means known or apparent because it appears as clearly as the moon. It is also used to mean month, because the month corresponds with the appearing moon, it starts with the moon when it appears and the new month comes with the reappearance of the new moon.. ALASHHURIN means the months.
Note: the root is Ha-R-M and it means “forbidding and forbidden to violate”. HARRAMA is an action that is completed. ALHURUM means the forbidden to violate or harm and so on.
Faoqtuloo: then kill/ fight
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. OQTULOO is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. OQTULOO is an order addressed to a group. It means literally kill but in this context, it carries the meaning of fight.
Almushrikeena: the ones who make partners (To Allah)/ the polytheists
Note: the root SH-R-K and it means partner or partnership and with this partnership is a measure of equality or being on par. ALMUSHRIKEENA are the ones who make partners to God in worship or in action and that includes the polytheists.
Haythu: wherever
Wajadtumoohum: you (plural) found them/ you encounter them
Note: the root is W-J-D and it means in one concrete meaning the water that has accumulated in the desert. This is then used to mean a find that is really important. WAJADTUMU is an action that is derived from the root. It means: the action of finding the object (hum- them) or encounter the object happened by the subject (second person plural).
Wakhuthoohum: and take them/ capture them
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. KHUTHOOHUM is derived from the root KH-TH and it means taking. KHUTHOOHUM is an order addressed to a group and it means take them/ capture them.
Waohsuroohum: and confine them/ gather them
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. OHSHUROOHUM is derived from the root Ha-Sad-R and it means confining. . OHSHUROOHUM is an order addressed to a group. It means: gather them or confine them within a small space and so on.
waoqAAudoo: and sit/ and wait/ and sit in watch
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. OQAAuDOO is derived from the root Qaf-Ain-D and it means sitting. Conceptually, it carries the meaning of staying in place and not moving/act or not wanting to move or act in addition to sitting or positioning. In this context it carries the meaning of sitting and waiting and watching. OQAAuDOO is an order for a group to sit watchfully for.
Lahum: for them/ to them
Kulla: every
Note: KULLA is derived from the root K-L-L and it means the parts put together. This is the concrete and it means all or every or each.
Marsadin: watch/ place and time of watching
Note: the root is R-Sad-D and it means watching. It is used for the land after the rain hit it as it is watching for the grass to sprout up. MARSAD is a place or time for watchful waiting.
Fain: so if
Taboo: they repented/ they returned
Note: the root is T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. TABOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of repentance or ultimate return (to God) happened by the subject (third person plural). Because it comes after the conditional it can carry the meaning of if they repent.
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning. AQAMOO is derived from the root Qaf-W-M and it means standing upright or standing. The upright can be in all planes of position and for a horizontal dimension it means straight. AQAMOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of establishing or keeping upright or maintaining happened by the subject (third person plural)
Alssalata: the ritual prayer
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Waatawoo: and they brought about
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. In this area the WAW is used to begin a new sentence. ATAWOO is derived from the root Hamza-T-Y and it means coming with determination. The concrete word is for the water that flows in a place where it did not rain, therefore suggesting that the water came from somewhere else. ATAWOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of bringing about the object (ALZZAKATA = the fruition/ the sharing) happened by the subject (third person plural)
Alzzakata: the fruition/ the nurture
Note: the root is Z-K-W and it means maturing/growing. In the concrete it means bringing about fruit. ALZZAKATA is what makes things bear fruit and nurture. In general the term takes the role of obligatory charity and it can be extrended to any form of sharing that helps the community thrive and prosper and be nurtured.
Fakhalloo: then let go/ then empty/ then stop restricting/ clear
Note: the root is KH-L-L and it means vinegar in one of it’s most concrete meanings. It also carries the meaning of close friendship and close intermingling between entities. The relationship could be because vinegar was a product of close mingling of the grape Juice with other material. KHALLOO is an order addressed to a group. It means: let go in a sense that not to be too intermingled with them to restrict their movement.
sabeelahum: their path
Note: the root is S-B-L and it means and it means flowing water from the falling rain from the sky to the flowing water in the river and so forth. This is the concrete and the other uses are related as in path, which allows the flow, to soft flowing hair and so forth. SABEELA is the flowing water or the path of. It takes the meaning of path or even the trip on the path. HUM means them
Inna: indeed
Allaha: Allah
Ghafoorun: forgiving/ provider of protective cover/ protectively covering
Note: the root is GH-F-R and it means covering for protection. The concrete word is the helmet of the fighter. GHAFOORUN is the one that covers to protect. This, in turn means protection from committing the sin and protection from the consequences of sin, which also means forgiving
Raheemun: Merciful
Note: the root is R-Ha-M and it means womb in concrete. This term is used to mean mercy and all the good that the womb provides. RAHEEM is the one with the womb-like mercy.
Hussein
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