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Salaam all,9:3
وَأَذَانٌ مِّنَ اللّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الأَكْبَرِ أَنَّ اللّهَ بَرِيءٌ مِّنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَرَسُولُهُ فَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَاعْلَمُواْ أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِي اللّهِ وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
Waathanun mina Allahi warasoolihi ila alnnasi yawma alhajji alakbari anna Allaha bareeon mina almushrikeena warasooluhu fain tubtum fahuwa khayrun lakum wain tawallaytum faiAAlamoo annakum ghayru muAAjizee Allahi wabashshiri allatheena kafaroo biAAathabin aleemin
And announcement from Allah and His messenger to the people on the big day of the pilgrimage that Allah and His messenger have broken with the polytheists. So, if you (plural) repent then it is better for you and if you move away then be well informed that you are never overcoming Allah. And give (o Muhammad) glad tidings to the rejecters of painful suffering.
As stated earlier, the breakup of the treaty was to be announced on the big day of pilgrimage so that all are informed. The aya continues to point out the futility of someone wanting to have a fight with Allah because we will never overcome Him. It also points out that our only refuge from Allah’s anger is His mercy and therefore repentance is better for us but if we decide otherwise then we suffer the consequences.
In case the term glad tidings and painful suffering clash then that is an Arabic literary tool to bring attention to it for greater impact.
Waathanun: and announcement
Note: WA is for initiation of a statement or a sentence. ATHANUN is derived from the root Hamza-TH-N and it means ear in concrete. It also means hearing, knowing and approving at the same time and may be extended to acting according to that knowledge. ATHANUN is the word that is used for the call to prayer. It means in a sense, let it be heard/ let it be known/ announcement to all to hear.
Mina: from
Allahi: Allah
Warasoolihi: and his messenger/ and His envoy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. RASOOLIHI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULUN means messengers of and is the plural of RASOOL who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. RASOOLI means messenger of or the envoy of. HI means him and it points to Allah.
alnnasi: the people
Note: the root is Hamza-N-S and it means socializing. ALNNAS means the people or humans.
yawma: day when/ day of
Note: YAWMA is derived from the root Y-W-M and it means day. YAWMA means day of or day when.
Alhajji: the pilgrimage
Note: the root is Ha-J-J and it means pursual as in pursuing something. This is also used to mean pursuing knowledge or a place or pursuing a certain proof. Therefore the root can mean a pilgrimage, where one pursues a goal or a meeting with others in order to pursue certain proofs. It also can be used to mean times or things that happen once a year because the pilgrimage or the pursual of certain things or places occur about once a year. In this context, it is pointing the pilgrimage.
Alakbari: the bigger one/ the big one
Note: the root is K-B-R and it means big in quality or quantity or any other feature that denotes bigness. ALAKBAR means the greater or bigger.
Anna: that
Allaha: Allah
Bareeon: dissociated/ has no obligation to/ broke up
Note: the root is B-R-Hamza and it means dissociation from an entity. This takes many meanings according to the situation. One of them is cure from disease because it is dissociation from disease, another is creation of a living thing out of a dead thing and that is dissociation from the state of death and any other type of dissociation in between. BAREEON means dissociated/ non- committal/ free from obligation.
Almushrikeena: the ones who make partners (To Allah)/ the polytheists
Note: the root SH-R-K and it means partner or partnership and with this partnership is a measure of equality or being on par. ALMUSHRIKEENA are the ones who make partners to God in worship or in action and that includes the polytheists.
warasooluhu: and his messenger/ and His envoy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. RASOOLUHU is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULUN means messengers of and is the plural of RASOOL who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. RASOOLU means messenger of or the envoy of. HU means him and it points to Allah.
Fain: so if
Tubtum: you repented/ you repent
Note: the root is T-W-B and it means repentance or the ultimate return to GOD. The concrete word that is related is TABOOT and it means coffin which is what takes us to our ultimate return to GOD or repentance. TUBTUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of repentance or ultimate return (to God) happened by the subject (third person plural). Because it comes after the conditional it can carry the meaning of if you repent.
Khayrun: better
Note: the root is KH-Y-R and it means choice. It is also understood as good or as better, because one would chose the good over the bad. KHAYRUN means: better or best.
Lakum: for you (plural)
Wain: and if/ while if
Tawallaytum: you (plural) move away/ ignore/ follow your path
Note: TAWALLAYTUM is derived from the root W-L-Y and it means direction or following direction with some guarantee. It comes close to guardianship. WALI is either the one who is a guardian or the one who receives guardianship of another or both. TAWALLAYTUM is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of directing oneself is happening or will be happening by the subject (second person plural).
faiAAlamoo: then know/ then know for fact/ then be aware
Note: FA means then or therefore or so. iAALAMOO is derived from the root Ain-L-M and it means knowing/knowledge or knowledge of facts. iAALAMOO is an order or a request addressed to a group. It means: know or know for fact.
Ghayru: other than/ not
muAAjizee: successfully pushing back/ capable of resisting
Note: the root is Ain-J-Z and it means push away. In concrete it is used for pushing the dirt away and so on. Conceptually, it is used for inability or failure as well as for pushing away. MuAAJIZEE means making the other unable so, it points to pushing away/ back or successfully resisting.
Allahi: Allah
Wabashshiri: and deliver glad tidings
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA is often translated as an addition (and), but inclusion probably covers the meaning a little better. BASHSHIR is derived from the root B-SH-R and it means the outer skin of people. This is also a sign of beauty and good news in the abstract. BASHSHIR is an order addressed to a singular. It means: bring glad tidings. In this is a use of the positive term as a threat which often happens in the literary tools of the Arabic language.
Allatheena: those who
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
biAAathabin: suffering/ with suffering
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. In here it gives an object to an Arabic verb that does not usually have an object (The verb ITINA). AAaTHAB is derived from the root Ain-TH-B and it means an easy to swallow food or drink. AAaTHAB is what makes one not take an easy to swallow food or drink. That is suffering.
Note: the root is Hamza-L-M and it means pain. ALEEMIN means painful.
Hussein
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