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Salaam all,9:13
أَلاَ تُقَاتِلُونَ قَوْمًا نَّكَثُواْ أَيْمَانَهُمْ وَهَمُّواْ بِإِخْرَاجِ الرَّسُولِ وَهُم بَدَؤُوكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ أَتَخْشَوْنَهُمْ فَاللّهُ أَحَقُّ أَن تَخْشَوْهُ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤُمِنِينَ
Ala tuqatiloona qawman nakathoo aymanahum wahammoo biikhraji alrrasooli wahum badaookum awwala marratin atakhshawnahum faAllahu ahaqqu an takhshawhu in kuntum mumineena
Do you (plural) not fight a group that reneged on their oaths and commenced in kicking out the messenger and they started against you the first time?! Do you fear them? then Allah is more deserving of fear (minced with hope) if you happen to be faithful.
The Aya exclaims the hesitation in fighting that group that was clearly an aggressor and an initiator of aggression.
I translated the term khashya as fear minced with hope because the term is closer to worry and anxiety where there is fear but there is an element of hope always present.
Ala tuqatiloona: would you (plural) fight?!
Note: ALA carries the meaning of would not?! TUQATILOONA is derived from the root Qaf-T-L and it means killing or actions that potentially can lead to death including injury and others. TUQATILOONA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of fighting is happening or will be happening in an interactive manner by the subject (second person plural)
qawman: a people
Note: QAWMAN is derived from the root Qaf-Y-M and it means standing or standing upright. QAWMAN are the people that stand together and that makes the group or people or nation, basically, any group of people that stand together or form a group.
Nakathoo: reneged
Note: the root N-K-TH and it means reneging. NAKATHOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of reneging happened by the subject (third person plural).
Aymanahum: their oaths
Wahammoo: contemplated and commenced
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning. HAMMOO is derived from the root H-M-M and it means concern or contemplated thought which may or may not be followed by commencement of action upon that concern. Sometimes, the meaning will take the form of commencement of action alone, others the concern or thought alone and in others, both. This is determined by the context of the sentence and in here it covers both. HAMMOO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of contemplating or commencing action happened by the subject (third person plural)
Biikhraji: in kicking out
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. IKHRAJI is derived from the root KH-R-J and it means coming out or exiting. That is the conceptual meaning and it assumes it’s more specific meaning or meanings according to the plane of thought of the sentence. IKHRAJI means to make someone leave or kicking out.
Alrrasooli: the messenger/ the envoy
Note: ALRRASOOLI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULUN means messengers of and is the plural of RASOOL who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. ALRRASOOL means the messenger or the envoy.
Badaookum: started you (plural)/ initiated against you
Note: the root is B-D-hamza and it means the beginning of the matter or the initiation of it or the start of it. BADAOOKUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of initiating or starting the object (KUM= plural you) happened by the subject (third person plural). In here it means that they were the ones that started with the aggression rather than the believers.
Awwala: first/ foremost
Note: AWWAL is derived from the root Hamza-W-L and it means ultimate as a concept and takes different shapes and specific meanings according to the situation including first and so on. It often takes the meaning of first because that is the most ultimate. AWWALA means first of or first amongst or most ultimate of or foremost.
Marratin: time/ occasion/ pass
Note: MARRATIN is derived from the root M-R-R and it means passing or passage. Some of the concrete words from this root mean bitter plants or just bitter. The relationship between bitter and passing is the fact that the sheep and goats of the Bedouin herders probably passed those plants rather than sticking to them to eat them. MARRATIN means pass/ occasion/ time.
Atakhshawnahum: do you (plural) fear (with hope) them?!
Note: the root is KH-SH-Y and it carries meanings of anticipation and fear. Sometimes, both meanings are together and sometimes only fear. When there is anticipation, then there may be an element of fear mixed with hope. ATAKHSHAWNAHUM is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means in a question and exclamation form: Do you Fear and hope in them.
faAllahu: then Allah
Ahaqqu: has more right/ is more deserving
Note: AHAQQU is derived from the root Ha-Qaf-Qaf and it means binding right where right means correct as well s what is due to one person (rights and obligations). AHAQQU means had more right or is more worthy
An: that
Takhshawhu: you (plural) fear (and hope) Him
Note: the root is KH-SH-Y and it carries meanings of anticipation and fear. Sometimes, both meanings are together and sometimes only fear. When there is anticipation, then there may be an element of fear mixed with hope. TAKHSHAWHU is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of anticipating (fear and some hope) is happening by the subject (second person plural) for the object (HU= Him and points to Allah)
In: if
Kuntum: you (plural) happened to be/ were
Note: the root is K-W-N and it means being. KUNTUM is an action that is completed that is derived from the root. It means: the action of being happened by the subject (second person plural). This in turn means: you (plural) happened to be
Mumineena: ones who make themselves safe/ trusting/ faithful
Note: MUMINEENA is derived from the root Hamza-M-N and it means safety. Conceptually, it can also be extended to trust as well, because we feel safe in the entity we trust. MUMINEENA means: those who make themselves safe.
Salaam all and have a great day
Hussein
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