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Salaam all,9:54
وَمَا مَنَعَهُمْ أَن تُقْبَلَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُمْ كَفَرُواْ بِاللّهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِ وَلاَ يَأْتُونَ الصَّلاَةَ إِلاَّ وَهُمْ كُسَالَى وَلاَ يُنفِقُونَ إِلاَّ وَهُمْ كَارِهُونَ
Wama manaAAahum an tuqbala minhum nafaqatuhum illa annahum kafaroo biAllahi wabirasoolihi wala yatoona alssalata illa wahum kusala wala yunfiqoona illa wahum karihoona
And nothing prevented them from having their spending accepted from them except that they rejected Allah and His messenger and they do not approach the ritual prayer except while they are lazy and they do not spend except while compelled.
The Aya goes into further details as to what prevents an act of goodness from being accepted and it mentioned the above which strongly suggests to us that we should increase our trust in Allah and His messenger and should always be eager to pray and to give for charity rather than feel compelled to do it.
One interesting thing here is that the word used for spending is Nafaqat which is translated as spending and not another commonly used term in the Qur'an SADAQAT or charity. It may be that the Qur'an makes a distinction that NAFAQAT is a spending for good causes but can be done for the right or wrong reasons and from the right or wrong people. However, SADAQAT is generally always good and done by the good people and in a good way for the right reasons. One reason for the difference is the Root for NFQ is tunneling which is a pure spending in a sense, while the root for SAD-D-Qaf is for truth and so it is an act of truthfullness that is aimed to translate the good in your words and hearts to your deeds.
Wama: and not/ and did not/ and nothing
manaAAahum: prevented them
Note: the root is M-N-Ain and it means barrier between one entity and another. This is then conceptually used to cover many meanings including stopping and preventing and so on. MANaAAaHUM is an action that is completed. It means: the action of becoming barrier for the object (HUM = them) happened by the subject (will become clearer with the rest of the sentence).
An: that from
Tuqbala: being accepted
Note: the root Qaf-B-L and it means front. This is then carried in time or space or any plain of thought. If it is in time, then front means before, while place would be in front. It is used to mean acceptance and reception since we receive and accept using our fronts. TUQBALA is an action that is happening or will be happening. It means: the action of accepting the deed is going to be accepted by an undeclared subject.
Minhum: from them
Nafaqatuhum: their spending
Note: NAFAQATUHUM is a derivative of the word N-F-Qaf. To explain it I use another derivative NAFAQ which means Tunnel. The tunnel is connection underground from one place to another. Therefore the essence of the word Tunnel is to “let Good/Useful things go to others under cover”. NAFAQATUHUM means their spending.
Illa: if not/ except
Annahum: that they
Kafaroo: rejected (Allah and His message)/ discarded
Note: the root is K-F-R and it means cover or bury in the ground, as in put the seed in the ground and cover it. This is then used conceptually for many purposes as in discarding and rejecting as well as burying. KAFARO is an action that is completed. It means: the action of rejection or discarding of the object (not declared, but understood from the context to point to God and/or the message) happened by the subject (third person plural).
biAllahi: in Allah/ Allah
Note: BI signifies an attachment or close linkage between what is before and what is after it. In a Verbal sentence it can mean attachment to the action or to the subject as it does the action. This attachment can then signify many things according to the verb and to the sentence and so on. ALLAH is Allah. In here because it follows a verb that does not have an object the bi came to insert and object mainly.
Wabirasoolihi: and His messenger/ His envoy
Note: WA is a letter that links what is before with what is after. This link is through inclusion, either one is included in the other or they are all included in the bigger sentence or bigger picture. WA often corresponds with “and/ addition” but the more encompassing meaning. BI here as above to place an object to a very that usually does not have an object. RASOOLIHI is derived from the root R-S-L and it means to envoy someone or a group of people or animals. The concrete word is RASL and it means a group of people or animals that were sent by their owners or senders. RUSULUN means messengers of and is the plural of RASOOL who is the one that is sent and is used to mean the messenger because he was sent by the sender to the receiver. RASOOLI means messenger of or the envoy of. HI means him and it points to Allah.
Wala: and not
Yatoona: come/ approach
YATOONA is derived from the root Hamza-T-Y and it means coming with determination. The concrete word is for the water that flows in a place where it did not rain, therefore suggesting that the water came from somewhere else. YATOONA is an action that is being completed or will be completed. It means: the action of coming to or approaching the object (ALSSALATA= the ritual prayer) is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural). It is negated because it was preceded by the negation.
Note: the root is Sad-L-Y and it means two main things in concrete. One is the lower back area and this one is used for one who is racing towards a goal and the head is close to the lower back of the one who is ahead. It is also used in concrete to mean heat and warmth and fire. The word is used for prayer as well. In this context, ALSSALATA is the ritual prayer.
Illa: except/ if not
Wahum: while they
Kusala: dragging their feet/ lazily/ hesitantly/ without energy/ without enthusiasm
Note: the root is K-S-L and it means: not having energy or enthusiasm about something that should give energy and enthusiasm. Conceptually, it is used for laziness, dragging feet, being hesitant and without energy. KUSALA here carries the meaning of dragging their feet or going with no energy nor enthusiasm.
Wala: and not
Yunfiqoona: they spend
Note: Yunfiqoona: is a derivative of the word N-F-Qaf. To explain it I use another derivative NAFAQ which means Tunnel. The tunnel is connection underground from one place to another. Therefore the essence of the word Tunnel is to “let Good/Useful things go to others under cover”. YUNFIQOON is an action that is completed or will be completed. It means: the action of spending is happening or will be happening by the subject (third person plural)
Wahum: while they
Karihoona: disliking/ resisting/ unwilling/ compelled
Note: the root is K-R-H and it means doing something when unwilling and hating to do it or just disliking an entity. Therefore, conceptually, it takes the meaning of disliking an entity. For actions it takes the meaning of hating to do something and being forced to do something against will. KARIHOONA is being in a state of dislike or resistance to a matter.
Hussein
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